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Cellphone, Social Networks, and the Discourse of Power

In light of my reading on Foucault and his views on power and knowledge and the discourse of power I want apply what I have learned to how we use technology. Ten years ago we were not so dependent on the technologies we now take for granted. Internet, cell phones and social networks have broken open our lives and changed how we communicate, act and have thrown our lives into the public spotlight.

Cell phones allow us to easily be tracked while at the same time giving us a convenience. Smart phones may give us a map of where we are, but at the same time it also gives whoever wants to track us the means to map where we are. We have entered a discourse where the popularity of the phone made it a legitimate medium to track us. We can not use cell phones to prevent surveillance, but the way that we have become dependent on cell phones is essentially what traps us.

Further, we are entering another discourse with social networks. When all our friends are using Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, etc. we also feel compelled to join those services. However, when we join those services we are constantly posting information, creating new modes of knowledge gathering. Social networking is a double edged sword insofar as we have the ability to connect with our friends, but at the same time we also give information about ourselves to groups which we might otherwise not want to give information to.

In both these cases the power of these services isn't absolute. We don't need to have a cell phone and we don't need to be on social networks, but we are stuck. Communication and social connections are tied heavily with having a cell phone where plans change on the whim due to the instant communication which occurs. Sure we can not have a cell phone, but to do so is essentially frowned upon to such an extent that we are coerced into submitting. (Think about this how you think of people who don't have cell phones? What is your personal feelings if you want to reach them?) Remember, this is not an absolute power, this is a discourse that has been created with multiple knowledges: the means of communication, how you view someone who does not have a cell phone, how society at large treats the use of the phone, etc. You are part of the discourse and you have freedom as part of this discourse, but in most likelihood you will likely be coerced into having a cellphone, even if you may not want it.

We are going to be entering that stage with social networks. Having a social network account be it Facebook, Twitter, etc. is going to become so great that we will be coerced into having an account. This is the underlying discourse that is happening right now in the fight of the social networks. How can we get more people to sign up for social networks? The answer is by making the connection to the network so strong that trying to resist and not become part of the network becomes difficult. People I know who left Facebook a year or two ago would come back to the network after a month or two because of the power of belonging to it. Now, if you ask most college students most if not all will have Facebook accounts.

So what I am trying to get at is that we are in a discourse whether we like it or not. Cellphones have become such a part of our lives that most can not imagine a world without them and as they become more and more a part of our lives it is going to make us impossible to ever wean ourselves from them. Not having one will leave a mark, society will behave differently towards these people. Finally, I believe that we have entered a new discourse about social networks.

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Filed under  //   genealogy   history   technology  

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Metaphorical Inconsistencies as the Fall of Communism

I am taking a George Lakoff class on metaphor which is drastically altering the way I view reality as it applies to almost EVERYTHING! Since I am a History major I thought I'd apply it and one great example is Communism and especially that of the United Soviet Socialist Republic (USSR). The problem with the communist movement in Russia was once it came into power with the overthrow of the tsar and the winning of the civil war Lenin and crew did not know what a socialist system was to be like as Marx and Engels did not leave a guideline about how such a society should function. 

They abolished money which created scarcity destroying the basis of a monetary society. This led to black markets for such things as food and wood. Even with a new model of "governance" in which everyone was supposed to be automatically equals no one followed such a system. Metaphors that have defined a society can't be altered overnight and that is what I think was the basis for the failure of the Soviet Union. There were no coherent set of metaphors which relate to what a communist state should be like. (While there were also no strict guidelines for a fascist system the system itself was an extreme right wing version of a capitalistic system with did not change the basic metaphors of how society was to behave. The change was added metaphors of ARYAN IS GOOD and JEW IS EVIL.) 

When no fundamental set of ideology could be created for how a communist system should work the net effect is that communism died out as soon as its last survivors faded away that is 70 years after it started which as far as timelines go is pretty short. There was no fundamental shift as the primary metaphors of how one survives, "dog eat dog," does not correlate well to a communist system. That is why a system which was setup to abolish hierarchies in effect created its own hierarchy. In the end we take care of ourselves first and foremost and then others follow that is we innately put ourselves into a hierarchy. In such a system where pure equality does not have a metaphor associated with it, it is bound to fail. 

I think that is why Stalin had his purges. An aspect of the purges was Stalin's paranoia, but a second likely aspect was trying to get rid of all the people who were able to construct alternative metaphors on how a society should function, i.e the Whites. Plus, I think that even if Trotsky came into power he would have done something similar as he himself was prone to using terror. In effect, the purges were a form of recreating society from the ground up removing all the undesirables. Unfortunately, in its short lived form I don't think that Communism ever came up with a set of ideas of what it stood for an in the end just became a authoritarian state.

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